Supported formats

FiQueLa supports ten file formats through dedicated stream classes. Each format is identified by a short key used in FQL syntax and in the Enum\Format enum.

Format table

Key	Name	Class	File	String
`csv`	CSV	`FQL\Stream\Csv`	Yes	No
`xml`	XML	`FQL\Stream\Xml`	Yes	No
`xls`	XLSX	`FQL\Stream\Xls`	Yes	No
`ods`	ODS	`FQL\Stream\Ods`	Yes	No
`jsonFile`	JSON stream	`FQL\Stream\JsonStream`	Yes	No
`ndJson`	Newline-delimited JSON	`FQL\Stream\NDJson`	Yes	No
`json`	JSON (`json_decode`)	`FQL\Stream\Json`	Yes	Yes
`yaml`	YAML	`FQL\Stream\Yaml`	Yes	Yes
`neon`	NEON	`FQL\Stream\Neon`	Yes	Yes
`log`	HTTP Access Log	`FQL\Stream\AccessLog`	Yes	No

json, yaml, and neon also accept raw strings via Stream\Provider::fromString(). All other formats require a file path.

Opening formats

You can open any format in three ways:

Stream\Provider::fromFile() — auto-detects format from the file extension, or accepts an explicit Enum\Format.
Direct class open() — call the class for the specific format directly.
FQL string syntax — embed the format and path in an FQL FROM clause.

use FQL\Enum\Format;
use FQL\Stream;

// Auto-detect from extension
$csv = Stream\Provider::fromFile('products.csv');

// Explicit format
$csv = Stream\Provider::fromFile('data.txt', Format::CSV);

// Direct class
$csv = Stream\Csv::open('products.csv');

// With custom delimiter
$csv = Stream\Csv::openWithDelimiter('products.csv', ';');

$query = $csv->query()->selectAll()->from('*');

CSV supports format-specific parameters: encoding (default utf-8), delimiter (default ,), enclosure (default "), useHeader (default 1), and bom (default 0). Pass them via the FQL string syntax: csv(data.csv, "windows-1250", ";") or with named parameters such as csv(data.csv, enclosure: "'", bom: "1"). CSV is read and written with native PHP fgetcsv / fputcsv and detects UTF-8, UTF-16, and UTF-32 BOMs automatically.

use FQL\Enum\Format;
use FQL\Stream;

// Auto-detect from extension
$xml = Stream\Provider::fromFile('feed.xml');

// Explicit format
$xml = Stream\Provider::fromFile('data', Format::XML);

// Direct class
$xml = Stream\Xml::open('feed.xml');

// With explicit encoding
$xml = Stream\Xml::openWithEncoding('feed.xml', 'windows-1250');

$query = $xml->query()->selectAll()->from('SHOP.SHOPITEM');

XML supports the encoding parameter (default utf-8). Specify it in FQL syntax: xml(feed.xml, "windows-1250").

use FQL\Enum\Format;
use FQL\Stream;

// Auto-detect from .xlsx extension
$xls = Stream\Provider::fromFile('report.xlsx');

// Direct class
$xls = Stream\Xls::open('report.xlsx');

$query = $xls->query()->selectAll()->from('*');

Legacy .xls (Excel 97–2003 binary format) is no longer supported. Use .xlsx files instead. The underlying library is openspout/openspout.

use FQL\Enum\Format;
use FQL\Stream;

// Auto-detect from extension
$ods = Stream\Provider::fromFile('spreadsheet.ods');

// Direct class
$ods = Stream\Ods::open('spreadsheet.ods');

$query = $ods->query()->selectAll()->from('*');

use FQL\Enum\Format;
use FQL\Stream;

// Auto-detect: .json and .jsonfile extensions map to JsonStream
$json = Stream\Provider::fromFile('large-dataset.json');

// Explicit format key
$json = Stream\Provider::fromFile('data', Format::JSON_STREAM);

// Direct class
$json = Stream\JsonStream::open('large-dataset.json');

$query = $json->query()->selectAll()->from('data.items');

JsonStream uses halaxa/json-machine for streaming, making it suitable for large JSON files where loading the entire document into memory would be impractical.

use FQL\Enum\Format;
use FQL\Stream;

// Auto-detect from .ndjson extension
$ndjson = Stream\Provider::fromFile('events.ndjson');

// Direct class
$ndjson = Stream\NDJson::open('events.ndjson');

$query = $ndjson->query()->selectAll()->from('*');

use FQL\Enum\Format;
use FQL\Stream;

// From file — loads entire document via json_decode
$json = Stream\Provider::fromFile('config.json', Format::JSON);

// Direct class
$json = Stream\Json::open('config.json');

// From string
$json = Stream\Provider::fromString(
    '{"users":[{"id":1,"name":"Alice"}]}',
    Format::JSON
);

$query = $json->query()->selectAll()->from('users');

use FQL\Enum\Format;
use FQL\Stream;

// Auto-detect from .yaml or .yml extension
$yaml = Stream\Provider::fromFile('config.yaml');

// Direct class
$yaml = Stream\Yaml::open('config.yaml');

// From string
$yaml = Stream\Provider::fromString(
    "users:\n  - id: 1\n    name: Alice",
    Format::YAML
);

$query = $yaml->query()->selectAll()->from('users');

use FQL\Enum\Format;
use FQL\Stream;

// Auto-detect from .neon extension
$neon = Stream\Provider::fromFile('config.neon');

// Direct class
$neon = Stream\Neon::open('config.neon');

// From string
$neon = Stream\Provider::fromString(
    "users:\n\t- id: 1\n\t  name: Alice",
    Format::NEON
);

$query = $neon->query()->selectAll()->from('users');

use FQL\Enum\Format;
use FQL\Stream;

// Auto-detect from .log extension
$log = Stream\Provider::fromFile('access.log');

// Explicit format
$log = Stream\Provider::fromFile('access.log', Format::LOG);

// Direct class — uses nginx_combined profile by default
$log = Stream\AccessLog::open('access.log');

// Switch to a different log profile
$log->setFormat('apache_common');

$query = $log->query()->selectAll()->from('*');

The log format accepts a format parameter (default nginx_combined) to select a predefined log profile. Use log(access.log, "apache_common") in FQL syntax or pass format: "custom" with a pattern parameter for custom Apache log_format patterns.

Format-specific parameters

CSV, XML, and LOG accept additional configuration parameters.

CSV parameters

Parameter	Default	Description
`encoding`	`utf-8`	Input file encoding. Any encoding accepted by `iconv`. Non-UTF-8 input is transcoded via a `convert.iconv.<src>/UTF-8` PHP stream filter.
`delimiter`	`,`	Single-character field separator.
`enclosure`	`"`	Single-character field enclosure used by `fgetcsv` / `fputcsv`.
`useHeader`	`1`	`1` to treat the first row as column headers, `0` otherwise.
`bom`	`0`	`1` to emit a UTF-8 BOM when writing. The reader detects UTF-8, UTF-16 LE/BE, and UTF-32 LE/BE BOMs automatically and skips them.

In FQL string syntax:

-- Positional
FROM csv(data.csv, "windows-1250", ";")

-- Named
FROM csv(data.csv, encoding: "windows-1250", delimiter: ";", enclosure: "'", bom: "1")

As of FiQueLa 3.0, CSV runs on native PHP primitives — the previous league/csv dependency has been dropped. Type coercion is lazy: cells stay as strings until a comparison or arithmetic operation requires a typed value, and empty cells satisfy IS NULL.

XML parameters

Parameter	Default	Description
`encoding`	`utf-8`	Input file encoding.

In FQL string syntax:

FROM xml(feed.xml, "windows-1250")

Empty XML elements

Empty leaf elements (<foo/> or <foo></foo>) surface as an empty string '', so SQL-style predicates work directly:

WHERE invoiceNumber IS NULL          -- matches empty <invoiceNumber/>
WHERE invoiceNumber = ''             -- matches empty <invoiceNumber/>
SELECT IF(invoiceNumber IS NULL, '', invoiceNumber) AS invoice

Elements with attributes (<foo id="1"/>) still expose their @attributes structure, mixed content (<foo id="1">text</foo>) still surfaces text under the value key, and populated leaves (<foo>text</foo>) still return their text content.

Prior to FiQueLa 3.0.1, empty leaf elements surfaced as an empty array [], which forced consumers to probe with IS ARRAY or is_array() to detect missing values. From 3.0.1 onward, they behave as empty strings — use IS NULL, = '', or IF(field IS NULL, …) instead.

LOG parameters

Parameter	Default	Description
`format`	`nginx_combined`	Log format profile name or `custom` for a custom pattern.
`pattern`	—	Custom Apache `log_format` pattern string. Only used when `format` is `custom`.

Predefined profiles:

Profile	Pattern
`nginx_combined`	`%h - %u [%t] "%r" %>s %b "%{Referer}i" "%{User-Agent}i"` (default)
`nginx_main`	`%h - %u [%t] "%r" %>s %b`
`apache_combined`	`%h %l %u [%t] "%r" %>s %b "%{Referer}i" "%{User-Agent}i"`
`apache_common`	`%h %l %u [%t] "%r" %>s %b`

In FQL string syntax:

-- Default profile (nginx_combined)
FROM log(access.log).*

-- Positional profile selection
FROM log(access.log, "apache_common").*

-- Named parameter profile selection
FROM log(access.log, format: "apache_common").*

-- Custom pattern
FROM log(access.log, format: "custom", pattern: "%h %l %u [%t] \"%r\" %>s %b").*

Automatic value normalization:

status is cast to integer
time is converted to Y-m-d H:i:s format
%D (request time in microseconds) is converted to milliseconds
%r (request line) is split into method, path, and protocol fields

Special fields in every row:

Field	Type	Description
`_raw`	string	Original unparsed log line
`_error`	string \| null	`null` on success, error message on parse failure

Malformed log lines do not throw exceptions. Instead, they produce a row with _error containing the error message and _raw containing the original line. This allows you to filter or inspect bad lines with standard FQL conditions.

Directory provider

FQL\Stream\Dir is a special provider that treats a directory as its data source. It lets you query metadata about files recursively across a directory tree.

use FQL\Stream;

$dir = Stream\Dir::open('./data');

$query = $dir->query()
    ->selectAll()
    ->from('*');

In FQL string syntax, use the dir format key:

SELECT *
FROM dir(./data).*

Get Started

Core Concepts

Querying

Functions Reference

Advanced

Supported formats

Format table

Opening formats

Format-specific parameters

CSV parameters

XML parameters

Empty XML elements

LOG parameters

Directory provider

​Format table

​Opening formats

​Format-specific parameters

​CSV parameters

​XML parameters

​Empty XML elements

​LOG parameters

​Directory provider

Format table

Opening formats

Format-specific parameters

CSV parameters

XML parameters

Empty XML elements

LOG parameters

Directory provider